INCOME DIVERSIFICATION AND POVERTY AMONG RURAL FARM HOUSEHOLDS IN SOUTHWEST NIGERIA
- Project Research
- 1-5 Chapters
- Abstract : Available
- Table of Content: Available
- Reference Style: APA
- Recommended for : Student Researchers
- NGN 3000
ABSTRACT
Rural development has been erroneously equated to agricultural development. The former works to diversify income through non-farm activities to complement proceeds of the latter. However, the actual role of non-farm income in poverty alleviation is not yet known among rural households. There is therefore the need to critically explore the roles of non-farm income diversification in rural poverty alleviation. The patterns and contributions of nonfarm income diversification to poverty reduction among rural farm households in Southwest Nigeria were investigated. A multistage sampling technique was used to obtain data from rural farm households. Three states (Ekiti, Ogun and Osun) from the six south western states were randomly selected. Five agricultural zones were randomly selected from the three states based on probability proportionate to size. In each zone, four blocks and three cells per block were selected. Lastly, two farming communities per cell and four farming households per community were selected to make 480 farming households. Structured questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-economic characteristics, household assets, income generating activities, labour-use, income and expenditure. Descriptive statistics, Foster-Greer-Thorbecke poverty measures, Herfindal index, Tobit and Probit regression methods were employed for data analyses at p = 0.05. Mean age of household heads, household size and dependency ratio were 49.9 ± 0.6 years, 6.8 ± 0.1 and 0.7 ± 0.1, respectively. The mean year of schooling of household heads was 8.8 ± 0.2 and 83.7% of households were headed by male. The mean per capita income was N206.7 ± 160.3/day while the per capita cost of basic needs was N253.4 ± 28.6/day. The incidence, depth and severity of poverty were 76.4%, 32.9% and 17.3% respectively. Ninety four percent of the households derived their income from a diversified portfolio of livelihood activities, with non-farm activities accounting for 67.1% of the income. The non-farm activities included skilled (18.0%) and unskilled (22.9%) wage employment, selfemployment (81.3%) and social and community service (8.8%). Self-employment was the largest non-farm income source contributing 42.1%. Involvement in non-farm labour activities was significantly higher among poor than non-poor farm households. The level of income diversification depicted by Herfindal index was 2.8 ± 0.04 and it was significantly higher among poor than non-poor farm households. The implicit wage rate of household iv labour use in farming activities (N1,773.4/manday) was significantly higher than in non-farm activities (N878.0/manday). Education (0.1) and electricity (0.5) significantly increased nonfarm income diversification while distance to urban centre (-0.04), landholding (-0.6) and animal asset base (-0.2) significantly reduced non-farm income diversification. Participation in non-farm skilled (-0.1) and unskilled (-0.1) wage employments significantly reduced the probability of being poor. Other characters of respondents that significantly reduced the probability of being poor included education (-0.1), landholding (-0.4), investment asset base (-0.000005) and rural electricity (-0.1) while household size (0.1) increased the probability. Participation in skilled and unskilled wage employment significantly reduced poverty among rural farm households in Southwest Nigeria
Related Project Materials
EFFECT OF TWITTER BAN ON THE ECONOMY OF NIGERIA
Background Of The Study
The introduction of the internet has revolutionized the way we interact with pe...
IMPACT OF PRODUCT ADVERTISEMENT ON SALES VOLUME OF COMPANIES
ABSTRACT
Advertising is directed to the consumers or target audiences through various media in order to present and prom...
EFFECTS OF EXAMINATION MALPRACTICES ON EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM IN NIGERIA
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Education is the development of an individual through training, transmissio...
A CRITICAL STUDY ON THE MARKETING OF LIBRARY SERVICES IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA
Background to the Study
Libraries are a country's knowledge and information basis. A library gather...
A REVIEW ON THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF SMALL SCALE BUSINESS ENTERPRISES TO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT (A CASE STUDY OF OIL FIELD TRANSPORT)
BACKROUND OF THE STUDY
Before the onset of oil exploration in the early 1970s, the Nigerian economy was primarily agricu...
A CRITICAL EXAMINATION OF SAFETY AND SECURITY CONCERNS IN HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Hospitality means providing service t...
THE ROLE OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN PROMOTING SMART GRID TECHNOLOGIES
ABSTRACT: The role of vocational education in promoting smart grid technologies is critical for developing a workforce proficient in advanced...
THE IMPACT OF PERSONALIZED MARKETING ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION
THE IMPACT OF PERSONALIZED MARKETING ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION
This study aimed to determine the impact of personalized marketing on custo...
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CNN AND AL JAZEERA’S COVERAGE OF THE PALESTINIANISRAELI CONFLICT OF 2014
ABSTRACT
This study analysed the published broadcast transcripts of CNN International and Aljazeera English to find out if both news outl...
PHYTOCHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE SEEDS OF JATROPHA CURCAS LINN. (EUPHORBIACEAE)
ABSTRACT
Jatropha curcas Linn. (Euphorbiaceae) is a shrub that grows up to 5m in height. It thrives well in tropical countries. It grows...
